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Appendix E - AIS connection for MX512 only | 157

Appendix E - AIS connection for MX512 only

Introduction

AIS is a shipborne broadcast transponder system in which ships continually transmit

their ID, position, course, speed and other data to all other nearby ships and shoreside

authorities on a common VHF radio channel.

The concept is derived from the pioneering work of a Swedish inventor named Håkan

Lans, who developed in the mid 1980s an ingenious technique for spontaneous,

masterless communication, which permits a large number of transmitters to send data

bursts over a single narrowband radio channel by synchronizing their data transmissions

to a very precise timing standard.

AIS is designed to operate in one of the following modes:

In a ship-to-ship mode for collision avoidance

In a ship-to-shore mode as a means for coastal states to monitor and obtain

information about a ship and its cargo

As a traffic management tool when integrated with a Vessel Traffic System (VTS)

Ship-to-Ship Data Exchange

The primary operating mode for AIS will be autonomous ship-to-ship reporting. In this

mode, each ship transmits its data to all other AIS-equipped ships within VHF range.

The unique communications scheme permits these data transmissions to take place

independently without the need for a master control station.

Position and other data are fed automatically from the ship’s sensors into the AIS

system, where the data is formatted and transmitted in a short data burst on a

dedicated VHF channel. When received on the other ships, the data is decoded and

displayed for the officer of the watch, who can view AIS reports from all other “Class A”

and “Class B” AIS-equipped ships within range in graphic and text format.

The AIS data may optionally be fed to the ship’s integrated navigation systems and radar

plotting systems to provide AIS “tags” for radar targets. The AIS data can also be logged

to the ship’s Voyage Data Recorder (VDR) for playback and future analysis.

Updated AIS messages are transmitted every few seconds, to keep the information up

to date. Note that the ship-to-ship data exchange takes place automatically without any

action required by the watch officer on either ship.

In pilotage waters, a pilot can plug a laptop computer, loaded with his own navigation

program, directly into the ship’s AIS system. In this way, the pilot can monitor the

position and movement of all other vessels in the area independent of the ship’s installed

navigation systems.

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